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On this page
  • 1. 用户身份加密
  • 2. 用户身份鉴权(authentication)
  • 3. 用户(语音)数据加密
  • Question and Answers

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  1. GSM for Railway

Security Management

PreviousConnection ManagementNextGPRS

Last updated 6 years ago

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1. 用户身份加密

用 TMSI 代替 IMSI 识别不同用户,并在空中传输信息。

TMSI: Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity

IMSI: International Mobile Subscriber Identity

2. 用户身份鉴权(authentication)

A3, A5, A8 指的各种算法。Algorithm -> A.

  • A3 用于鉴权,产生Sres

  • A5 用于加密,产生114 bit的加密序列. It's probably binary numbers

  • A8 用于产生密钥,即Kc

step 1

AuC生成RAND。

AuC通过A3(RAND, Ki)得到SRES

SRES = Series

RAND = Random Numbers

Ki = individual subscriber authentication key

step 2

MSC发送RAND给MS。

MS通过A3(RAND, Ki)得到SRES。

MS将生成的SRES回传给MSC。

MSC对比之前它自己生成的SRES,如果相同,那么匹配成功(鉴定完毕是那个用户)

SIM, Auc 有共同的 Ki。Ki与IMSI在注册SIM卡时就产生了。

3. 用户(语音)数据加密

AuC通过A8(RAND, Ki)得到Kc

Kc = ciphering key

MSC通过A5(Kc, TDMA序列号)得到114 bit的序列

MSC将用户数据与114 bit的序列做异或运算,再将运算结果发送给手机

MS自己也像MSC那样产生114 bit的序列,将接收到的数据与114 bit的序列做异或运算,最终得到原始数据

异或: Binary XOR

a = 60            # 60 = 0011 1100 
b = 13            # 13 = 0000 1101

c = a ^ b;        # 49 = 0011 0001

Question and Answers

三参数组如何产生的?

AuC生成RAND。

AuC通过A3(RAND, Ki)得到SRES

AuC通过A8(RAND, Ki)得到Kc

于是有了三参数组(RAND, SRES, Kc)

GSM-R 如何鉴权?

MSC发送RAND给MS。

MS通过A3(RAND, Ki)得到SRES。

MS将生成的SRES回传给MSC。

MSC对比之前它自己生成的SRES,如果相同,那么匹配成功(鉴定完毕是那个用户)

GSM-R 如何对用户信息进行加密?

AuC通过A8(RAND, Ki)得到Kc

MSC通过A5(Kc, TDMA序列号)得到114 bit的序列

MSC将用户数据与114 bit的序列做异或运算,再将运算结果发送给手机

MS自己也像MSC那样产生114 bit的序列,将接收到的数据与114 bit的序列做异或运算,最终得到原始数据

References:

http://www.jiamisoft.com/blog/22123-gsma.html