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University Notes
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    • Function, limitation, and continuity
      • What is function?
      • Two kinds of infinity
      • The limitation of a function
      • A model for getting limitation
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      • Formulas of derivative
      • Use derivative formula
      • Goes deeper
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      • Indefinite integral
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        • Use formula
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      • 1
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  • Analog Electronics
    • Technical terms 1
    • DC stable source circuit 的分析与应用
      • 二极管的特性与应用
        • 半导体
        • PN junction
        • Diode
        • 测试二极管
      • 整流滤波电路的分析与应用
        • Rectifier circuit
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        • Zener diode
        • Shunt voltage regulators
    • Thyristor
    • Technical terms 2
    • Amplifying circuit
      • Bipolar Junction Transistor
      • Common Emitter Configuration
      • Biasing
      • Analysis
      • Mess
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      • Integrated Operational Amplifier
    • Algorithms
      • What's the ouput of a voltage rectifier circuit
      • PNP or NPN
      • Judging the state of a BJT
      • What's common in BJT
      • Does a amplifying circuit normal
      • What's the feedback type
      • What kind of distortion you are encounter
  • Digital Electronic Technology
    • Logic Gate
    • Logic expressions
    • Karnaugh map
    • Number system
    • Multiplexer
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  • Principles of Communications
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    • Something about IPv4
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    • The Delay function
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    • Questions
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    • Earthing or Use Lightning Arrester
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    • All for the exam
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    • What is Optical fiber Communication system
      • Prepare
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      • ZXONM E300 Practice
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  • Communication Tech English
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    • Overview
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    • FH98
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    • Everything is for the exam
  • GSM for Railway
    • Overview
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    • Digital dispatch Communication System
    • Basic Knowledge of GSM-R
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    • GPRS
    • GSM-R/GPRS Wireless Access Platform
    • GSM-R Features
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    • ASCI
  • Network Configuration Training
    • Words I have learned
  • Broadband Access Technology
    • Using Copper Line
    • Using Optical Fiber
    • Wireless
    • All for the test
  • CIR
    • Basci Knowledge
    • Testing Equipment
    • The Structure of CIR
    • All for the exam
  • LTE
  • Script for ChaoXing
  • Transmission and access network
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  • 一、本征半导体
  • 二、杂质半导体

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  1. Analog Electronics
  2. DC stable source circuit 的分析与应用
  3. 二极管的特性与应用

半导体

Previous二极管的特性与应用NextPN junction

Last updated 5 years ago

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一、本征半导体

  1. 主要元素: Si(硅) and Ge(锗)

  2. 为何物体能导电?

    物体的基础构成一般为原子,原子有电子围绕其旋转,固定绕原子核旋转的电子无法形成电能,只有自由电子才能

  3. 半导体是指导电能力介于导体和绝缘体之间的一种物质,在化学分子结构中,半导体是指原子最外层有4个价电子(围绕电子)的元素

  4. 纯净的半导体材料被称为本征半导体

  5. 自由电子是如何产生的?

    在热力学 0∘(−273∘C)0^\circ(-273^\circ C)0∘(−273∘C) 时,围绕原子的电子无法移动,无自由电子,半导体材料无法导电 1. 随温度升高或受到光照,少数旋转中的电子获得能量,脱离原子核的束缚,成为自由电子(简称“电子”),同时在原位置留下空位,这种空位被称为空穴。 ⟶\longrightarrow⟶ 整个过程被称为热激发,这种性质被称为半导体材料的热敏性和光敏性 2. 电子带负电,空穴带正电,我们统称其为载流子

二、杂质半导体

在纯净半导体中加N(磷)元素,多出许多自由电子,这些电子被称为相对于这种杂质半导体而言的多数载流子; 这种半导体被称为 N型半导体

在纯净半导体中加P(硼)元素,多出许多空穴,这些空穴被称为相对于这种杂质半导体而言的多数载流子; 这种半导体被称为 P型半导体

And 别忘了载流子只是指带电荷的电子或空穴

杂质半导体由于“载电荷粒子”浓度的提高,导电性强于纯半导体