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University Notes
  • Introduction
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      • What is function?
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      • Use derivative formula
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      • Indefinite integral
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    • The Terminologys
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  • Analog Electronics
    • Technical terms 1
    • DC stable source circuit 的分析与应用
      • 二极管的特性与应用
        • 半导体
        • PN junction
        • Diode
        • 测试二极管
      • 整流滤波电路的分析与应用
        • Rectifier circuit
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        • Zener diode
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    • Technical terms 2
    • Amplifying circuit
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      • PNP or NPN
      • Judging the state of a BJT
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      • Does a amplifying circuit normal
      • What's the feedback type
      • What kind of distortion you are encounter
  • Digital Electronic Technology
    • Logic Gate
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    • Something about IPv4
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    • The Delay function
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    • Questions
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  • Optical fiber Communication system
    • What is Optical fiber Communication system
      • Prepare
      • Something About Optical fiber
      • Passive Optical Devices
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      • Optical transmitter Test
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      • Compose an Optical Communication System
    • SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy)
      • Frame Structure of SDH
      • SDH Equipments
      • Clock System
      • ZXONM E300 Practice
      • SDH protection
    • WDM (Wavelength-Division Multiplexing)
    • OTN (Optical Transport Network)
      • OverHead of OTN
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      • Do it again, what's happened?
  • Communication Tech English
    • Fundamentals of Electricity
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  • High-speed railway Communication Technology
    • Overview
    • Base Knowledge
    • FH98
    • MDS3400
    • Everything is for the exam
  • GSM for Railway
    • Overview
    • Wired Parts
    • Digital dispatch Communication System
    • Basic Knowledge of GSM-R
    • Key technologies for GSM-R
    • Structure of GSM-R
    • GSM-R Network Mode
    • Wireless Channels for GSM-R
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    • GPRS
    • GSM-R/GPRS Wireless Access Platform
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    • ASCI
  • Network Configuration Training
    • Words I have learned
  • Broadband Access Technology
    • Using Copper Line
    • Using Optical Fiber
    • Wireless
    • All for the test
  • CIR
    • Basci Knowledge
    • Testing Equipment
    • The Structure of CIR
    • All for the exam
  • LTE
  • Script for ChaoXing
  • Transmission and access network
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  • History
  • WDM 的业务
  • WDM特点
  • 传输方式
  • 应用模式
  • 分类
  • DWDM 组成
  • DWDM 的波长
  • 40波(40 channels)
  • 80波(80 channels)
  • 160波(160 channels)
  • An important question

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  1. Optical fiber Communication system

WDM (Wavelength-Division Multiplexing)

History

PDH -> SDH -> DWDM -> OTN(optical trissmission network) -> ASON

地铁: 早期PDH,后期SDH、OTN(open transmit network)

resource:《光传送网技术的原理和测试》and http://www.txrjy.com

PDH、SDH: 时分复用 DWDM:波分复用 OTN:两者皆有

速率不同可以配置同一波长

WDM 的业务

  • STM-N (N=16、64); STM-16=2488Mb/s; STM-64=9953Mb/s

  • GE、XGE

SDH的业务: E1, E3, E4, FE, GE

WDM特点

  1. 超大容量传输

  2. 节省光纤资源

  3. 透明传输(不修改原数据)

  4. 用EDFA实现超长距离传输(1530-1570nm)

  5. 高可靠

  6. 可组成全光网络

  7. 没有复用段保护

传输方式

  • 双纤单向 (常见)

  • 单纤双向 (比如PON(passive optical network)(比如光猫的一根光纤))

应用模式

  • 集成式 (输入波长需不同)

  • 开放式 (输入波长可相同,后部设备(OTU, Optical Transform Unit)自动改变波长) (常用)

分类

  • CWDM(Coarse Wavelength-division multiplexing): 粗波分复用,信道间隔20nm

  • DWDM(Dense Wavelength-division multiplexing): 密集波分复用,信道间隔1.6nm,0.8nm,0.4 nm

DWDM 组成

光放大器、光中继放大、 光接受机、 光监控信道 和 网络管理系统

  • OTU: Optical Transform Unit, 光转发器/接收器

  • OMU: Optical Multiplexer Unit

  • OSC: Optical Supervisory Channel, 光监控信道(1510nm); 这个波不会经过放大器

  • ODU: Optical Demultiplexer Unit, 光分波器

  • OBA: Optical Booster amplifier; 光放大器 在 发送端

  • OLA: Optical in Line Amplifier; 光放大器 在 线路上

  • OPA: Optical Pre Amplifier; 光放大器 在 接收端

光发送机: OTU, OMU, OBA

光接收机: OPA, ODU, OTU, 色散补偿模块(DCM, dispersion compensation module, 一般加在OPA上)

  1. 信道1~n 进光 为1310nm,经过OTU转化为不同波长, 然后40个波长被OMU合成一个信号,送到单根光纤。

  2. 经过OSC后加上一波变为41波

如果用了OBA/OPA,线路须中继距离从60公里变为100公里。(公里=km) OLA可以换OBA,因为LA的增益是可调的 OPA > OLA >= OBA, OPA可以换OLA、OBA OSC速率2Mbit/s

DWDM 的波长

4个STM-4 或 STM-16 在WDM系统都一样,需要4个不同的波长 双向线,来回最好用同样的波长, 方便 合波后再作通道保护(双路径)

40波(40 channels)

频率间隔0.1 THz, 波长间隔约等于0.8

40波制下第25波频率 = 192+0.1*25

80波(80 channels)

频率间隔0.05 THz

80波制下第25波频率 = 192+0.05*25

160波(160 channels)

频率间隔0.05

160波制下第25波频率 = 192+0.05*25

An important question

  • 站M1与站M2之间有4个STM-64业务,双路径

  • 站M1与站M3之间有4个STM-64业务,双路径

  • 站M1与站M4之间有4个STM-64业务,双路径

  • 站M2与站M4之间有4个STM-64业务,双路径

  • 站M3与站M4之间有4个STM-64业务,双路径

  • 站M3与站M6之间有4个STM-16业务

We ask you to design a frequency table for DWM system.

站M1

站M2

站M3

站M4

站M5

站M6

站M1

192.10~192.40 THz

192.50~192.80 THz

192.90~193.20 THz

站M2

192.10~192.40 THz

193.30~193.60 THz

站M3

192.50~192.80 THz

193.70~194.00 THz

194.10~194.40 THz

站M4

192.90~193.20 THz

193.30~193.60 THz

193.70~194.00 THz

站M5

站M6

194.10~194.40 THz

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Last updated 5 years ago

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