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  • 0. 为什么学这个?
  • 1. 认识你自己(不对,应该是认识一下三极管)
  • 2. 了解更多
  • 3. 总结规律
  • 4. 升仙(不对,升华)
  • 5. 记忆秘诀

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  1. Analog Electronics
  2. Amplifying circuit

Bipolar Junction Transistor

PreviousAmplifying circuitNextCommon Emitter Configuration

Last updated 6 years ago

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Bipolar Junction Transistor (三极管)

A bipolar junction transistor (bipolar transistor or BJT) is a type of transistor that uses both electron and hole charge carriers.

BJTs use two junctions between two semiconductor types, n-type and p-type.

0. 为什么学这个?

因为放大器电路需要它。

Transistor (晶体管)

A semiconductor device with three connections, capable of amplification in addition to rectification.

1. 认识你自己(不对,应该是认识一下三极管)

E means emitter

B means base

C means collector

2. 了解更多

箭头所指方向为电流流动的方向。

学到 PN结 的都知道,电流从正电压出发,由 P 流到 N

3. 总结规律

\begin{align*} &I_E = I_C + I_B \\ \\ &I_C \approx I_E = A \cdot I_B (A > 0) \\ \\ &\text{# A 是一个系数,反正整个式子表示 } I_C \text{ 是 } I_B \text{ 的 A 倍} \end{align*}

所以才把E端叫做发射区啊, 因为三级管在起放大作用时,E端输出的电流是最大的。

靠近中间那块板子的箭头 所在的部分是 E(发射区),它的对面是 C(集电区),中间永远为 B(基区)

4. 升仙(不对,升华)

在讲这个之前,我要先讲讲什么叫做正偏、什么叫做反偏(当然,都是一个名字、代号而已)

正偏:Up>UnU_p > U_nUp​>Un​

反偏:Up<UnU_p < U_nUp​<Un​

比如:

正偏就是指PN结中的P端电压大于N端,也就是正向导通

反偏就是指PN结中的P端电压小于N端,也就是反向导通了。

于是乎,在三级管起放大作用时(他们称它正处在整个元件输出函数图的放大区)

此时:EB结(发射结)正偏;CB结(集电结)反偏

饱和区:EB结(发射结)正偏;CB结(集电结)正偏

截止区:EB结(发射结)反偏;CB结(集电结)反偏

5. 记忆秘诀

带箭头的是B(射极)

B的对面是C(集极)

中间那个自然就是B(基极)